Week 5 - How DHCP works

 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a network protocol used to automate the process of assigning IP addresses and other network parameters to devices on a network. DHCP utilizes a 4 step process to assign addresses.

Step 1 – Discover: The DHCP client broadcasts a DHCPDISCOVER message to find available DHCP Servers. This message is sent to a local network using the destination address 255.255.255.255.

Step 2 – Offer: DHCP servers respond with a DHCPOFFER message, providing an IP address and other configuration details. The server broadcasts this message to the client.

Step 3 – Request: The client responds with a DHCPREQUEST message, indicating acceptance of the offered IP address. This message is also broadcast to inform all DHCP servers.

Step 4 – Acknowledgment: The DHCP server sends a DHCPACK message to the client, confirming the IP address assignment and providing the lease duration and other configuration information. 

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